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2018專(zhuān)八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)題型解題技巧
2018年專(zhuān)八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)題型,除了要求考生對(duì)語(yǔ)法進(jìn)行鞏固之外,練習(xí)也是必不可少的。下面,小編送給大家兩篇專(zhuān)八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)練習(xí)題,供大家使用。
2018專(zhuān)八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)題解題步驟
通讀全文，了解大意
通過(guò)閱讀全文，從宏觀上把握文章的主旨、時(shí)態(tài)、人稱(chēng)，做到心中有數(shù)。
逐句推敲，仔細(xì)審查
仔細(xì)閱讀每個(gè)句子，從語(yǔ)法角度審查
重讀全文，完善答案
改完后對(duì)全文進(jìn)行重新回顧，檢查已修改的部分是否符合語(yǔ)法邏輯等。
檢查對(duì)象
1. 句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，特別是每個(gè)句子要有動(dòng)詞;
2. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài);
3. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法;
4. 名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，格的使用是否正確;
5. 定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確;
6. 代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤;
7. 定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤;
8. 并列句中的并列連詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。
從語(yǔ)法角度審查
1. 查看時(shí)態(tài)是否一致
My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team.
全文都是用的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，此句中的was顯然與上下文語(yǔ)境不符，應(yīng)改為am。
2. 查看主謂是否一致
Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them.
cost應(yīng)改為costs，因其主語(yǔ)是it(為形式主語(yǔ))，且上下文均為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
3. 查指代是否一致
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.
句中的主語(yǔ)the Smiths表的是Smith一家人，因此指示代詞his應(yīng)改為their。
4. 查平行結(jié)構(gòu)是否平行一致
由and, or, but, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also..., as well as等并列連詞和詞組連接的結(jié)構(gòu)可稱(chēng)為平行結(jié)構(gòu)。
It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.
句中的drove顯然與and前面的to meet不平行，應(yīng)改為drive。
5. 查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與修飾詞語(yǔ)或上下文是否一致
We study quite a few subject, such as Maths, Chinese...
quite a few 只能修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故subject應(yīng)改為subjects。
6. 查行文邏輯是否一致
Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital sincethey are ill.
根據(jù)行文邏輯，這里不該由since來(lái)引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，而應(yīng)是when / whenever或if來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
2018專(zhuān)八語(yǔ)言知識(shí)題常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型
1. 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)
常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型：
①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)錯(cuò)用
②and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致;
③主謂不一致;
④缺少動(dòng)詞，特別是be動(dòng)詞;
⑤第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用;
⑥主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)用。
They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies. (did改為do，錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型屬于①)
As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. (visiting改為visited，錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型屬于②)
One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out. (was改為were，錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型屬于③)
There will an important game next month. (will后加be，錯(cuò)誤類(lèi)型屬于④)
2.名詞的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：?jiǎn)螐?fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用
I’ll get good marks in all my subject. (subject改為subjects)
Their word were a great encouragement to me. (word改為words)
Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. (knowledges改為knowledge)
3.冠詞錯(cuò)誤：誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來(lái)判定);誤用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞)
We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a改為the，the same是固定搭配)
As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of pants. (mountain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞，所以其前加a)
I hope you have pleasant journey. (journey是可數(shù)名詞，故have后加a)
4.形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤：系動(dòng)詞(am/is/are/was/were/become/go)和感官性動(dòng)詞(smell/feel)后用形容詞;詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞和形容詞)。
I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together. (time是名詞，要用形容詞wonderful修飾)
My pronunciation was terribly. (was后用形容詞，terribly改為terrible)
5. 代詞錯(cuò)誤：代詞的主賓格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us;they/them)錯(cuò)誤;反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤;代詞指代錯(cuò)誤;多代詞或少代詞。
Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express mein simple English. (me改為myself)
One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (to前加it)
If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. (other后加-s)
What’s more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him. (him改為them)
6. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤：不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí);and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致;介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ);某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy后需接動(dòng)名詞，talk改為talking)
But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. (go作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)改為going)
Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. (介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)，read改為reading)
I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and連接的動(dòng)名詞前后不一致，故saw改為seeing)
7. 介詞錯(cuò)誤：詞組中的介詞誤用;介詞意思理解偏差;介詞的多用或少用。
There are too many people among my family. (among改為in，in my family為固定搭配)
I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. (去掉at，the moment引導(dǎo)從句)
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