2017年成人英語三級寫作指導
英語語言中籠統詞有have，take 等，籠統詞的重要特點在于意義廣泛，搭配性強，構成詞組后可以替代眾多具體動詞。雖然不能精確表達一個動作，卻能大致表達意思。在一些具體動詞寫不出來的時候，用這些籠統詞取代，也能收到異曲同工的效果。
例如：我經歷了一個極其艱苦的時代。
I experienced a terrible hard time.
這一句中，experience被遺忘時，用have代替，成為：I had a terrible hard time. 其效果及表達的意義決不亞于第一句。這樣的例子還很多。如：
Do you understand my meaning, sir? =Do you take my meaning, sir?
I will preside over the meeting. =I will take the meeting.
I will subscribe to the local newspaper. =I will take the local newspaper.
They occupied the city. =They took the city.
The boy resembles his father. =The boy takes after his father.
從以上的例句不難看出，具體詞音節較多，使用頻率不高，容易遺忘，而籠統詞則不然。因此，在作文應試中，籠統詞取代具體詞，不失為一種應急良策。
1. The old man is used to ___ early in the morning.
A. exercise B. exercising C. exercised D. exercises
【答案】B。be used to doing sth.：現在習慣于做…。句中的to是介詞，因此后面接動名詞。區別于used to do(過去習慣于)。
2. You don’t object ____ you by your first name, do you
A. for me to call B. me to call C. my calling D. me calling
【答案】C object做動詞表示“反對”的意義時后面應該接動名詞(復合結構)，故排除A,B. 而object與動名詞之間有代詞時,應該用名詞所有格或物主代詞，其中名詞所有格或物主代詞是動名詞的邏輯主語。而D項me 是賓格,故排除D. 正確答案選C. 句意是“你不反對我叫你的名字，是不是”
3. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up
【答案】B。瑞得先生決心把所有財產投入為貧窮孩子修建學校的事業當中。
4. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers
—The key _______ the problem is to meet the demand _______ by the customers.
A. to solving, making B. to solving, made
C. to solve, making D. to solve, made
【答案】B。你如何處理公司和客戶之間的分歧。解決問題的關鍵是滿足客戶的要求。
5.We are looking forward to___the film____at the Grand Cinema.
A. seeing;to show B. see;shown C. seeing;shown D. see;to show
【答案】C。Look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事。我們非常盼望看在大影院上映的電影。
1. The question_____ at the meeting tomorrow is very important.
A. to discuss B. being discussed C. to be discussed D. will be discussed
【答案】C 本題考查非謂語動詞的用法。本句為動詞不定式的被動式做定語，表示將要發生的動作。
2. The way I thought of _____ the animal was of great value.
A. protecting B. protect C. being protected D. to protect
【答案】D我提出的那個保護動物的方法非常有價值。不定式做定語修飾The way。
3. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed
【答案】C。有圖片在你心里形成，而不是在眼前。
4. There may be, somewhere outside the solar system, intelligent life____ messages to us.
A. sends B. sent C. sending D. has sent
【答案】C 兩個逗號中間為插入語，在分析句子結構時，可以省略;略去后得There may be intelligent life ___messages to us.因此后面的部分應該是intelligent life 的定語，選sending，相當于(that is )sending…; 全句意為“在太陽西外的某處，可能有某種正在項我們發送信息的有智慧的生命。”
5.——The last one ________ pays the meal.
——Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive . D. arriving
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