消費信用卡對貨幣政策的影響

消費信用卡對貨幣政策的影響

畢業論文

消費信用卡對貨幣政策的影響

摘要：隨著人類社會經濟和科學技術的發展，貨幣被逐漸地電子化,電子貨幣大量出現。信用卡是當今主要的電子貨幣。我國的信用卡發展還處于起步階段，與發達國家還有1定的差距，但有了較快的發展。信用卡的廣泛使用和普及，對現行的國家貨幣政策產生了各個方面的影響。信用卡影響貨幣政策工具作用的發揮：使法定存款準備金率的調節作用減小；降低了再貼現政策的存在價值；使公開市場操作復雜化。信用卡同時影響了貨幣政策的傳導機制。信用卡的使用非常方便，已被廣泛地使用于小額的交易，部分地替代了流通中的貨幣，使基礎貨幣量減少，進而減少了貨幣供給量。信用卡大大地加快了貨幣的流通速度，減少了貨幣需求量，縮小了利率的波動范圍。信用卡挑戰了中央銀行的地位，沖擊了其貨幣壟斷發行權，同時減少了鑄幣稅收入，縮小了中央銀行的資產負債。文章運用貨幣金融理論對以上各個影響進行了分析，在此基礎上，提出相應的解決辦法，以便使銀行信用卡業務健康發展，最終實現貨幣政策的目標。
關鍵詞：信用卡；貨幣政策；貨幣政策工具；貨幣供應量

The Impact of Credit Card on Monetary Policy
 
Abstract: As human socio-economic and scientific and technological development, a large number of electronic currency appear. Credit card is the major electronic currency now. The credit card of our country is still in the initial development stage, there is still a certain gap between our country and the developed countries, but with the rapid development. The popularity of the credit cards impacts on the various aspects of the existing national policy. Credit cards affect the effect of the tools of monetary policy. They weaken the function of the legal reserve requirement on deposit. They reduce the value of the existence of rediscount policy. They make the open market operation complex. Credit cards also affect the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. The use of credit cards is so convenient that they had been widely used for small transactions and had partially subsitated of the currency in circulation .The number of base money is reducing, and the supply of money is reducing too. Credit cards make the money circulate more quickly and reduce the demand for money, also narrow the scope of interest rate. Credit cards challenge the status of the Central Bank. They impact the monopoly authority of currency issue and reduce the seigniorage revenues. The article analyses all the impacts above with the theory of monetary and finance. On this basis, the article puts forward the solution accordingly, so that the credit card would develop well, and achieve the goal of monetary policy ultimately.
Keywords: Credit card;  Monetary policy;  The tools of monetary policy;  Supply of money
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