2018年托福閱讀素材歸納
托福是由美國教育測驗服務社舉辦的英語能力考試，全名為“檢定非英語為母語者的英語能力考試”，中文由TOEFL而音譯為“托福”。一起來看看托福閱讀素材歸納，僅供大家參考！謝謝！
托福閱讀素材歸納1
The CEO of Denver-based internet start-up FullContact API said in a market that is competitive for top talent, he wants to keep his employees happy and refreshed.
美國丹佛的網絡初創公司FullContact API的總裁巴特-洛朗表示，在各家爭相雇傭頂級人才的競爭市場中，他想讓自己的員工心情愉快，充滿干勁。
The flip-flop wearing founder offers his employees $7,500 for what he calls “paid, paid vacation,” however there are rules.
這位穿著夾趾涼拖的公司創始人向他的每位員工提供7500美元，用于“付費帶薪休假”，但需遵守相關規定。
“One, you actually have to take a vacation to get the money,” Lorang said. “Two, you have to disconnect from work, so that means no calls, no emails, no tweets, no work of any kind.”
洛朗說：“首先，你必須去度假才能拿到這筆錢。其次，你必須切斷與工作的聯系，這意味著不接電話，不回電郵，不發推特，不做任何形式的工作。”
Even Lorang admitted he has trouble following his rules.
洛朗承認他自己遵守這些規定也有困難。
“I suck at it,” he said.
他說：“我也沒能遵守。”
A picture of the CEO and his fiancee Sarah at Egypt’s great pyramids captured Lorang checking his email.
在洛朗和未婚妻薩拉在埃及金字塔拍攝的一張照片上，他正在查看電郵。
Not surprisingly, employees said they loved having the company pick up the tabfor their vacations.
公司為員工支付度假費用，員工們當然感到很開心。
“It’s a real break for your brain,” said Robbie Jack, a FullContact API employee. “You come back refreshed and reinvigorated and more excited about the stuff you were working on when you left.”
該公司員工羅比-杰克說：“這才能真正讓大腦放松。你回來工作時會精神抖擻，充滿活力，對之前的工作更加振奮。”
If the idea of having a boss pick up the tab for a dream vacation is tantalizing, good news: Lorang is hiring.
如果老板掏錢讓員工度假的主意非常誘人的話，那么還有個好消息：洛朗在招聘。
“We’re probably going to hire about 12 folks in the next six months,” he said.
他說：“在未來半年內，我們大概要招聘12名員工。”
Vocabulary: pick up the tab: 承擔費用
托福閱讀素材歸納2
A great way to get to know someone better is to say something that makes them laugh.
想要更好地了解別人，一個好辦法就是說些能讓他們發笑的事。
Sharing a few good giggles and chuckles makes people more willing to tell others something personal about themselves, without even necessarily being aware that they are doing so, suggests new research.
新研究顯示，分享一些好笑的事會讓人更樂意告訴別人自己的私事，甚至當他們這樣做的時候，也根本不會意識到這一點。
Alan Gray of University College London discovered the tidbit in a new study recently published in the journal Human Nature.
英國倫敦大學學院(University College London)的艾倫格雷(Alan Gray)在研究中發現了這一有趣的現象。最近，他的這項研究成果發表在了《人類天性》(Human Nature)雜志上。
According to Gray, the act of verbally opening up to someone is a crucial building block that helps to form new relationships and intensify social bonds.
格雷認為，用言語向他人敞開心扉的行為是幫助人們建立新關系，增強人與人之間社會聯系的重要基本要素。
Such self-disclosure can be of a highly sensitive nature — like sharing one’s religious convictions or personal fears — or a superficial tidbit such as one’s favorite type of food.
自我表露的過程具有高度敏感性——好比分享宗教信仰或者害怕之物——或者只是一個流于表面的趣聞，比如最愛的食物類型。
To investigate the role and influence of laughter in this disclosure process, Gray and his colleagues gathered 112 students from Oxford University in England, into groups of four.
為了調查笑聲在自我表露過程中扮演的角色和產生的.影響，格雷和他的同事從英國牛津大學(Oxford University)召集了112個學生，并把他們分為四組。
The students did not know one another. The groups watched a 10-minute video together, without chatting to one another.
學生們彼此都不認識。每組會坐在一起看一個10分鐘的視頻，期間并無交談。
The videos differed in the amount of laughter they invoked, and the amount of positive feelings or emotions they elicited.
視頻的區別在于，引人發笑的頻率和傳達積極情緒或情感的效力各有不同。
One featured a stand-up comedy routine by Michael McIntyre, another a straightforward golf instruction video, and the third a pleasant nature excerpt from the “Jungles” episode of the BBC’s Planet Earth series.
一個視頻是邁克爾麥金太爾(Michael McIntyre)的單人喜劇秀，一個是簡短的高爾夫教學片，第三個是從《BBC行星地球系列》(BBC’s Planet Earth series)“叢林”(Jungles)一集里節選的一個令人愉悅的自然片段。
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